How to File a Certificate of Formation in Maine

Many Maine entrepreneurs choose to form a limited liability company (LLC) because of the many benefits of this business entity type. An LLC provides liability protection, for instance, so your assets are not at risk if your business is sued or cannot pay debts. 

An LLC is a “pass-through entity” for tax purposes, meaning that the LLC itself is not taxed. Instead, income passes through the business to the LLC owners or members, who report it on their tax returns. LLCs also offer flexibility in terms of management and taxation. 

Creating an LLC is relatively straightforward, but ensuring it’s done correctly is crucial to getting your Maine business on the right foot. The most critical step is filing a certificate of formation. 

What Is a Certificate of Formation for an LLC?

The certificate of formation (also known as Articles of Organization in other states) is a legal document filed with the Maine Secretary of State to form an LLC officially. It will include your business name, address, registered agent information, and more, as detailed below. 

First, Select a Registered Agent for Your Maine LLC

Maine requires LLCs to appoint a registered agent, a person or company authorized to accept and respond to official business correspondence, such as legal, tax, or financial documents. 

The registered agent ensures all required notices and documents are received. In Maine, the registered agent can be an LLC member, individual, or entity that meets state requirements. In Maine, a registered agent must:

• Be 18 years or older
• Have a physical address in the state 
• Be available during regular business hours 
• Be registered to operate in the state, if it’s a business

Many business owners hire a registered agent service to ensure their LLC stays fully compliant and for convenience. 

If you choose to be your registered agent, you must be at your registered agent’s address for all business hours. A registered agent service allows you to be wherever you need to be to run and grow your business. 

How to Submit a Certificate of Formation in Maine

To start, visit the Maine Secretary of State website to access the certificate of formation. 

In Maine, the certificate of formation requires the following information: 

• LLC name
• Principal office address
• Registered agent information
• Registered office address

You’ll need to download the form and mail it in in Maine. Unfortunately, there is no online filing option.

Enter your company name, filing date, designation, and registered agent information, and sign the form.

You’ll need to mail the form along with the cover sheet included with the downloaded form.

Mail the form with the fee to:

Secretary of State
Division of Corporations, UCC, and Commissions
101 State House Station
Augusta, ME 04333-010

Some entrepreneurs hire an LLC formation service like ZenBusiness to handle this step, saving time and ensuring the process is done correctly. 

Draft an Operating Agreement

Maine requires that you have an operating agreement. It is not filed with the state, but you must keep it in your records. It’s a crucial document that defines members’ ownership percentages and profit allocations. Those are the two key elements, but it should also include the following:

• Each member’s rights and responsibilities
• Management structure and roles 
• Voting rights of each member
• Rules for meetings and voting
• What happens when a member sells their interest, becomes disabled, or dies

You can find operating agreement templates online, but it’s best to have them drawn up or reviewed by an attorney. The language of an operating agreement is crucial and can often help determine how member disputes will be resolved. Here you can obtain a free operating agreement template for your Maine LLC.

Contact Information for the Maine Secretary of State

Maine Secretary of State Website

Maine Bureau of Corporations, Elections, and Commissions

Physical & Mailing Addresses
101 State House Station
Augusta, Maine 04333-0101
Tel: 207-624-7736
Fax: 207-287-5428

Corporations email: [email protected]

In Closing

There’s only one way to create an LLC in Maine: successfully filing a certificate of formation. If you make any mistakes, you’ll likely have to refile, so be sure to do it right the first time and set your business up for serious success!